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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in older adults. It comes in two forms: dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular). While dry AMD progresses gradually over time, wet AMD can cause sudden and severe vision loss. A common question among patients and caregivers is whether wet macular degeneration can turn into dry macular degeneration. Understanding the relationship between these two forms is essential for managing the condition effectively.
Understanding Dry and Wet Macular Degeneration
Dry AMD: This is the most common form of macular degeneration, accounting for approximately 85-90% of cases. It occurs when the macula—the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision—gradually thins and accumulates drusen (yellow deposits). Over time, the deterioration of retinal cells leads to progressive vision loss.
Wet AMD: This more aggressive form occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina, leaking fluid and blood. These leaks damage the macula, leading to rapid and severe central vision loss. Wet AMD accounts for about 10-15% of AMD cases but is responsible for most cases of blindness related to the disease.
Does Wet Macular Degeneration Progress into Dry Macular Degeneration?
The transition from wet AMD to dry AMD is not a common progression. In fact, the typical course of AMD follows the opposite pattern:
- Dry AMD can develop into Wet AMD: Many individuals with dry AMD eventually develop wet AMD due to the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina. This transition leads to rapid deterioration of vision.
- Wet AMD does not revert to Dry AMD: Once a person develops wet AMD, they typically do not revert back to having dry AMD. The presence of abnormal blood vessels and the damage they cause remain, even with treatment. However, treatment can help manage wet AMD and slow further progression.
Can Wet AMD Become Inactive?
While wet AMD does not turn back into dry AMD, it can become inactive with proper treatment. Anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) injections help control the growth of abnormal blood vessels and reduce fluid leakage, stabilizing vision. In some cases, after successful treatment, the leakage stops, and the condition may appear dormant. However, regular monitoring is crucial, as wet AMD can reactivate at any time.
Managing AMD to Prevent Progression
Regardless of the type of AMD, early diagnosis and management are key to preserving vision. Here are some essential steps to slow progression:
- Regular Eye Exams: Early detection of changes in the retina allows for timely intervention.
- Healthy Diet: A diet rich in leafy greens, fish, and antioxidants (such as vitamins C, E, and zinc) can support eye health.
- Quit Smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of AMD progression.
- Monitor Vision Changes: The Amsler grid is a useful tool for detecting early signs of wet AMD.
- Adhere to Treatment Plans: For those with wet AMD, anti-VEGF injections can help maintain vision and prevent further damage.
Conclusion
Wet macular degeneration does not turn into dry macular degeneration, but dry AMD can progress into wet AMD. Understanding the differences between the two and taking proactive steps can help manage the condition effectively. If you or a loved one has AMD, working closely with an eye specialist is the best way to preserve vision and maintain quality of life.
Protect Your Vision—Take Action Today!
If you or a loved one is living with AMD, early intervention can make all the difference. Schedule a comprehensive eye exam with our specialist to monitor your eye health and explore the best eye treatment options with MacuMira. Stay proactive in protecting your vision—book an appointment today!
Disclaimer: Always speak to your primary health care provider and/or eye care provider before making any changes to your lifestyle, activities or diet.
